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Glossary of time and money

38 terms for managing time, tracking income and reaching goals. Each one is defined in a sentence, explained, and priced with a worked example.

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B

Billable hours
Hours of work that can be charged to a client. The rest, such as admin and sales, are non-billable.

C

Context switching
Moving attention from one task to another, and the time lost refocusing each time.
Cost of delay
What it costs to finish something later than you could have, in lost value or time spent waiting.
Cost-plus pricing
Setting a price by adding a margin to the full cost of the work.

D

Deep work
Focused, uninterrupted work on hard tasks, the kind that creates the most value.
Delegation
Handing a task to someone else so your time goes to work worth more. Worth it when they cost less than your time does.

E

Effective hourly rate
What you really earn per hour once all the hours you actually work are counted, not just the contracted ones.
Eisenhower matrix
Sorting tasks by urgent and important into four boxes: do, schedule, delegate and drop.

F

Forecasting
Estimating future results, such as income or time left, from what you know now.
Fully loaded cost
What an employee really costs: salary plus benefits, taxes, equipment and overhead.

G

Goal tracking
Measuring progress toward a goal regularly, against a clear target.

H

Hourly rate
Yearly income divided by the hours worked in a year. For a salary, 2,080 hours is the standard.

I

Income goal
The yearly income you're working toward, ideally broken down into an hourly and per-minute target.
Income tracking
Recording what you earn over time, across jobs, clients and side projects, to see growth.

M

Margin
A percentage added on top of a base amount to set a target or a price. In profit terms, the share of the price you keep.
Markup
The amount added to cost to set a price, as a percentage of the cost.
Meeting cost
The combined value of everyone's time in a meeting, for as long as it runs.

O

Opportunity cost
The value of the best thing you gave up to do something else. With time, it's what those hours could have earned or achieved.
Outsourcing
Paying an outside person or company to do recurring work, such as bookkeeping, cleaning or design.

P

Pareto principle
Roughly 80% of results come from 20% of the effort. Also called the 80/20 rule.
Parkinson's law
Work expands to fill the time available for its completion.
Pomodoro technique
Working in 25-minute focused intervals with short breaks between them.
Productivity
Output for the time put in. For knowledge work, the value created per hour.
Project cost
The total value of the time a project takes, plus any other expenses.

R

Return on time invested (ROTI)
What you get back for the time you put into something, compared with what that time is worth.
Run rate
A yearly figure projected from a shorter period, such as a month.

S

Sunk cost
Time or money already spent that can't be recovered, and so shouldn't decide what you do next.

T

Time audit
Tracking where your time actually goes for a week or two, then reviewing it.
Time blocking
Scheduling fixed blocks of time for specific work, instead of working from a to-do list.
Time management
Planning and controlling how you spend your time, so it goes to what matters most.
Time poverty
Having too little discretionary time, even with enough money.
Time price
What something costs in hours of your work instead of dollars. Also called time cost.
Time to money
Converting time into its money value, and money back into time, using your rate.
Time value
What an hour, minute or second of your time is worth in money, based on what you earn or want to earn.
Time value of money
The finance principle that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar later, because it can earn a return.

U

Utilization rate
The share of working hours that are billable or productive.

V

Value per minute
Your hourly value divided by 60. The smallest unit most decisions are made in.

#

2,080 working hours
The standard number of working hours in a year: 40 hours a week × 52 weeks.

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